That is so frustrating - I did the exact same thing last year and left my phone in a gym locker twice. The third time I was not lucky and someone kept it. After that I started using uMobix and it has been a game changer because I can check my phone's location instantly from my computer. I found this page that made setup super easy:
uMobix mobile tracker it walks you through installation step by step and shows you how to view your phone's location on a map in real time. Now I always know where my phone is and if I leave it somewhere I can track it down within minutes. It is not a headache to manage at all - once you set it up it just runs in the background and you barely notice it.